INTERVENTION

Considering a Cardiac Intervention

If you are reading this, an intervention has probably been recommended as part of your diagnosis or treatment. Such decisions can feel pressing. In cardiology, they are sometimes time-sensitive or even extremely urgent. In most cases, however, there is time to move forward carefully and without unnecessary delay.

How can I find out more?

The first step is an appointment to review your medical records. You will learn about the available options, their expected health benefits and the possible risks. The doctor may request further tests if necessary. You can ask about anything that worries you or that you have not understood about the intervention, and discuss any other concerns.

Before deciding on an intervention, you will understand exactly what it means for you.

Interventional cardiologist and electrophysiologist

Interventions

Balloon – Stent / Angioplasty

Percutaneous coronary intervention, commonly known as angioplasty, is a form of treatment for coronary artery disease.
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Implantable defibrillator

An implantable defibrillator is a device implanted in the human body.
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Pacemaker

Pacemakers are devices implanted in the body to support or completely replace the function of the heart’s electrical conduction system when it is impaired.
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Atrial fibrillation / flutter cardioversion

Cardioversion restores the patient’s heart rhythm from an arrhythmia to normal sinus rhythm.
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Atrial fibrillation ablation

Atrial fibrillation ablation is also often referred to as pulmonary vein isolation.
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Arrhythmia ablation

Cardiac arrhythmias are usually caused by disturbances of the heart’s electrical system.
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Transcatheter closure of an atrial communication

Repair of a small opening (atrial septal defect) or a passage for blood flow (patent foramen ovale, PFO) between the left and right atria.
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Biventricular pacing / Cardiac resynchronisation therapy

A form of pacing in which an artificial system — a cardiac resynchronisation therapy device (CRT) — stimulates both the left and right ventricles with appropriately timed electrical impulses.
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Transcatheter aortic valve implantation – TAVI

A minimally invasive procedure in which the patient’s narrowed native aortic valve is replaced — more precisely, a new artificial bioprosthetic valve is implanted — without conventional open-heart surgery involving a chest incision.
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Common Concerns, Answered in Advance

Will it hurt?

No, you will not experience pain during the intervention: modern medicine provides pain relief throughout the procedure. Most interventional cardiology and electrophysiology procedures use local anaesthesia. Some require deep sedation or general anaesthesia. This does not mean you will feel absolutely nothing: there may be minor discomfort from the local anaesthetic or after the intervention. Your doctor will explain what applies in your case.

Most planned cardiac interventions involve a single overnight hospital stay. This does not apply to emergencies or more complex cases.

Patients generally return to their normal lives immediately or almost immediately, while following the precautions appropriate to their heart condition.

Interventional cardiology and electrophysiology offer minimally invasive alternatives to surgery. This does not remove the risks associated with the intervention or the condition requiring it. The potential risks are always weighed against the expected benefit, which is substantially greater. Complications vary with the type of procedure and the severity of each patient’s disease. Your doctor will explain them in detail.

After the intervention, you return to your normal life with specific, detailed follow-up instructions: when to see your cardiologist again and which tests will be needed and when.

Assistant Professor Dimitrios Vrachatis performs interventions at Evgenideio Hospital – University of Athens, in collaboration with the CardioTeam network of cardiologists, directed by Professor Spyros Deftereos. Read more

Arrange Your Assessment

The first step before making a decision.